Camera.



- PATENTED MAY 31, 1904.

H. GOODWIN, DEGD.

R. GOODWIN, BXEOUTMX.

CAMERA.

APPLIGATION FILED 111111.25, 1899A 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

NO MODEL.

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ATTORNEYS.

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PATENTED MAY s1, 1904. H. GOODWIN, DBGD.

R. GOODWIN, EXEOUTRIX.

CAMERA.

APPLICATION FILED 1419.11.25. 189e.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

WITNESSES:

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UNrTED STATES Patented May 31, 1904.

'PATENT OFFICE.

HANNIBAL GOODWIN, OF NEWARK, l NEW JERSEY; REBECCA GOODWIN yEXEGUTRIX OF SAID HANNIBAL GOODVIN, DEOEASED.` a

CAMERA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 761,474, dated May 31, 1904.

Application filed March 25, 1899.

T0 all whom, tm/wy concern.-

Be it known that I, HANNIBAL GOODWIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Newark, in the-county of Essex and State of New Jersey., have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cameras; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and

vexactv description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had'to the accompanying drawings, and vto letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The objects of this invention are to secure greater simplicity of construction at a reduced cost; to provide a construction by means of which one of the side boards of the box o r case provides in itself chambers for filmholding rollers or spools'and a chamber for a measuring-roller, the board being cut or bored out, so that the cost of tting several parts vtogether is reduced and many of the fitting operations dispensed with; to secure a more exact measuring of the exposured film relative to the dial indications; to provide more simple means for cutting out the film; to enable the operator to more clearly discern the points at which to sever one film portion from another, and to secure other advantages and results, some of which may be referred to hereinafter in connection with the description of the working parts.

The invention consists in the improved camera and in the arrangements and combinations of parts of the same, all substantiallyT as will be hereinafter set forth, and finally embraced in the clauses of the claim.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in each of the several figures, Figure 1 is a plan of the improved cam- A era, the top plate or cover thereof being removed to show the interior construction. Fig. 2 is a section of the same, taken at line the top plate or cover being in place. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section showing in detail the relation of the cutting-die members to one another. Fig. 4 is a detail section showing the Serial No. 710,413. (No model.)

measuring cylinder and cooperating parts more in detail. Fig. 5 is a detail section on line e, Fig. 6; and Fig. 6 1s an elevatlon of a 'film-carrying spool of improved construction.

Fig. 7 is a detail view of the measuring-roll detached from its bearings in the case; and Fig. 8 is a section of the same at line z,showing the female member of the cutting-die.

In said drawings, a indicates a box or case having an interior -partition a for the lensbox and an open diaphragm c2, behind which the photographically-sensitive film travels in connection with the pay-out and take-up rolls. The rear block or plate of the said box, which is preferably ofwood, is of considerable thicknessan inch and a half, more or less. The said thick rear plate or block ,7; is bored or cut out vertically, as indicated in Figs. l and 2, the saw, auger, or bit holes or cuts extending directly through the said block from the bottom to top, opening through the top to permit the insertion of the spools. The said holes (marked Z2 Z22 717) are of a diameter suited to receive a take-up roller c, a pay-out roller d, and a measuring-roller c, the measuring-roll and its 4 hole 'being preferably of a greater diameter than the pay-out and takeup spools and their holes, all as indicated in Fig. 1.

The front surface 3 of the block or plate o lies a little back from the diaphram a2, a filmpassage ai being formed between, and the said front surface of the said plate is fiat and serves as a platen or bearing over which the photographically-sensitive film travels in its passage from the pay-out to the take-up roll and lies under tension in the operation of exposure to the light through the lens.

The bore or auger-hole b' for the take-up roll is in open communication through the passage b5 with the passage between the diaphragm and platen, and the pay-out-roll chamber or bore b2 is in open communication through the passage b with the measuringroll bore 227, the said measuring-roll bore in turn being in open communication through the passage bg with the front passage af. Said passages are each open at the top, so that when the cover ai is removed, the film may be inserted edgewisc. The measuring-roll e consists of a hollow cylindrical body, through which extends a shaft f, which shaft, carrying said measuring-rol1, extends through the plates g f/ at the bottom of the camera beneath the block The plates f/ r/ furnish bearings for spoolshafts /L lt', and between said plates are arranged certain gear-wheels by means of which power is transmitted from the measuring-roll shaft f to the indicating-hands e' and the cutting-out dies ,7' 1, arranged in the path of the film. The said dies consist of a male part y', arranged on ashaft Z, lying near to and parallel with the measu1'ing-cylin :ler, and a female part 7n, attached to the measuring-cylinder or on the shaft thereof. These are timed to engage one another, the male part entering the female part, so as to cut out and clearly remove a piece of the film passing between. The male die member 7' and its shafts are connected to the measuring-roll shaft f by means of cogs m a, fixed to the shafts f Z, respectively. rlhese cogs are timed to bring the dies into cutting relation at each revolution or complete rotation of the measuring-roll e, and this last is of a diameter to measure offl an extent of unexposed film sufBcient to lie across the opening' in the diaphragm a2 and furnish sufficient sensitive surface for a new exposure without material wastage.

An extremity of the shaft 7" is provided With a setting' finger-piece g, and the opposite end extends through a dial p and is supplied with an indicating-hand vl, by which a passage of a supply of film for a single exposure over or upon the platen or front surface L is indicated at the dial.

rlhe take-up roll c is preferably provided with a ratchet-and-pawl attachment o' s of which o' is the pawl, s the ratchet-wheel, and t the spring for holding the pawl in engagement with the ratchet-wheel. Said pawl permits a rotation of the take-up roll in one direction only under the hand-power exerted upon the finger-piece u, Fig. 2. The pay-out roll Z is also provided with a toothed Wheel n and a spring-pawl w, which last not only permits a pay-out rotation, but is bent so as to cause a recoil action on the pay-out roll by which any looseness in the film after the forwarding operations .is taken up and the film kept under tension.

rlhe spools (Z e are interchangeable and preferably of uniform construction, as shown in Figs. 2, 5, and 6. Said spools are preferably of wood turned out of a simple piece with a large fiange d at the top and a smaller flange Z2 at the bottom. The smaller flange is adapted to enter the bored-out dark chamber, and thc larger one overlaps the top of the block 7), closing' said dark chamber,the said block being preferably countersunk to receive the same and make a joint more perfectly impervious to the light. Between the said flanges the reduced part (Z3 of the spool serves to receive the film and at its opposite ends is further reduced or circumferentially grooved, as at d (.Z. Between said opposite ends the spool is provided with a film-holding spring (l5, the opposite ends of which are bent toward the longitudinal axis of the spool to catch into the film at its end and near the opposite side edges. By entering' the film under the catching ends of the spring the said film is held with sufli- .cient firmness to properly prevent it from turning on the spool during the winding and unwinding operations, and when unwound the film can be easily detached, the catching' ends of the spring permitting a free withdrawal.

At the longitudinal axis of the spools the same are longitudinally perforated, the perforations being oblong in the cross-section of the spool to receive the flat spool-shaft /t U, by which the'spools and the film thereon are operated. i

In operating the device, the camera being loaded, the take-up-roller c is turned by thc hand, the operator grasping and turning' the hand-piece u. The tension and friction of the moving film producesamovement of the measuring-roll, which is turned to effect an operation of the cutting-dies and indicating devices, the cutting-dies being' timed to clearly cut out a piece of the film at one edge or near the same at a point at which the operator is subsequently to sever the film to separate one light impression or picture from the other or others of the series. Passing out through the passages ?)8 the film travels along' the front surface or platen 7) behind the opening in the diaphragm a2, Where it is stopped it its progress When the previously-exposed film has passed upon the take-up-roll or into the passage f, leading thereto, and an unimpressed portion of the sensitive su rface only lies across the opening in the diaphragm. The exposure to the light is then made by any of the means commonly employed in photography and the operation before described is repeated.

In filling' or loading' the camera the top cover a5 is removed either in a dark chamber or as convenience may dictate. The light-impressed films within the camera, if there be any, are removed with their spools. A spool of unimpressed films is then partly opened or closed and the free end of the film is attached to an empty spool, and the two connected by thc film are inserted into the borings of the block the small ends of the spool being inserted and the connecting-film guided through the passages, all of which open out at the top to permit a ready insertion. Thrusting the spools down on their shafts until the broad flanges close the borings, then adjusting the indicator to bring the index devices or indicating-hands into proper initial positions, and closing the cover c completes the loading and prepares the camera for picture-taking.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new is- 1. In a camera, the combination of a box having a rear block b, with a middle dark chamber bored therein for a pay-out roller and similar chambers each side of said middle chamber and contiguous to the front face of the block for a take-up roller and a measuringroll, respectively, pay-out and take-up rollers and a measuring-roll in their respective chambers, the said block having a slot cut through itself between the pay-out-roller chamber and measuring-roll chamber and having vpassages from the take-up-roller chamber andmeastiring-chamber lto the front of theV block, whereby a film may extend around the measuringroll and be guided thereby over the front of the block, and means for operating said parts, substantially as set forth.

2.V In a camera,.a box having a rear wall comprising an integral block of wood, said block having three vertical cylindrical borings or chambers arranged in a row extending across the box, the two end chambers being each connected by a passage with the front of the block, and the middle chamber and one end chamber being connected at their rear sides or sides away from the front of the block by a tangentially-disposed slot cut in the block, a pay-out roller arranged in said middle chamber, a measuring-roller in the end chamber connected to said middle chamber, and a take-up roller in the opposite end chamber, whereby a film may be fed from the pay-out roller around the measuring-roller and over the front face of the block to the take-up roller, said measuring-roller serving both as a guide-roller and a measuring-roller.

3. In a camera, a film-roll and a shaft, a radially-projecting shearing member upon said shaft, having a radial permanently-open recess, a second shaft, a male shearing member upon said second shaft, comprising a radiallyprojecting plunger adapted to enter said recess of the first-mentioned shearing member and cooperate with the edge walls thereof to secure a shearing action and effect a clean cutting away of a minute portion of a film passing over said roll, and'means for rotating said shafts.

4. In a camera, the combination with a iilm` pay-out roller having a central shaft and a toothed wheel fast on said shaft, of a pawl comprising a spring extending tangentially away from said toothed wheel in the direction of its turning to pay out the film, said spring being iixed at its end away from the wheel and fengaging at its other end the periphery of the wheel, whereby a bending of the pawl is secured in unwinding and a recoil of the roller when unwinding ceased.

5. In a camera, the combination with a lilmpay-out-roller shaft having a toothed wheel fast thereon, of a pawl comprising a bowed leaf-spring engaging the periphery of said toothed wheel at one end and extending tangentially away from the wheel in the direction of the turning of said roller to unwind thefilm and being fixed at its outer end, whereby as the roller turns to unwind the film said pawl is flexed and when the unwinding ceased reacts upon said roller to produce a tendency to reverse direction.

6. In a camera, a film-spool having flanges at its opposite ends and in from said iianges having grooves, and a leaf-spring longitudinally attached to said spool at its middle and having its ends bent or curved to lie in said grooves.

7. In a camera, the film-spool having flanges at the opposite ends and in from said lianges having grooves, and a spring having catching extremities at said grooves, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 18th day of March, 1899. i

HANNIBAL eooDwiN.'

Witnesses:

CHARLES H. PELL, C. B. PITNEY. 

